Global steel production in the first two decades of the 21st century: a period of economic fluctuations and attempts to control globalisation processes

Authors

  • Roman Matykowski Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Faculty of Human Geography and Planning
  • Anna Tobolska Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań Faculty of Human Geography and Planning https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-4465

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24917/20801653.354.4

Keywords:

geographical pattern, rankings, steel concerns, steel production, strategic consolidation

Abstract

Based on World Steel Association statistical data, this study brings together changes in the geographical pattern of global steel production in the first two decades of the 21st century and its fluctuations during economic and social crises. The analysis indicates a strong concentration of production in several countries, and among them, China has become the leader in the last two decades. Since 2017, it has produced more than half of all steel globally, and in 2019 its annual production exceeded one billion tonnes. In 2020 the largest Chinese concern, China Baowu Group, ousted ArcelorMittal from its leading position in the ranking of the world’s largest steel concerns. Such an intense concentration of steel production in one country and the strategies of internal consolidation of Chinese steel producers are a clear signal that China is taking control of the global market for this raw material, essential for many economic sectors.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Roman Matykowski, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Faculty of Human Geography and Planning

Roman Matykowski, Ph.D., Associate Professor, (retired) until 2020 was the head of the Department of Social Geography at the Faculty of Social and Economic Geography and Spatial Management at the University of A. Mickiewicz in Poznań. His research areas focus on issues related to social geography in the human geography trend, particularly with the issues of delimitation of regions at the level of various social and economic strata. He also devoted many publications to electoral geography and the subject of cross-border connections from a geographical perspective.

Anna Tobolska, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań Faculty of Human Geography and Planning

Anna Tobolska, Ph.D., Associate Professor, is an employee of the Department of Social Geography at the Faculty of Social and Economic Geography and Spatial Management of the University of A. Mickiewicz in Poznań. Her research areas focus on issues related to the geography of industry and company geography. Many of her publications are also devoted to the issue of the flow of foreign direct investment and the impact of industrial enterprises on various spheres of the socio-economic environment, mainly at the local and regional levels.

References

Brandt, L., Jiang, F., Luo, Y., Su, Y. (2020). Ownership and Productivity in Vertically-Integrated Firms. Evidence from the Chinese Steel Industry. The Review of Economics and Statistics 1–49. Retrieved from https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article/doi/10.1162/rest_a_00923/97674/Ownership-and-Productivity-in-Vertically. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00923

Dicken, P. (2015). Global Shift. Mapping the Changing contours of the world economy. 7th Edition. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.

Hasanbeigi, A. (2011). A Comparison of Iron and Steel Production Energy Use and Energy Intensity in China and the U.S. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05w4h7c6

Matykowski, R., Tobolska A. (2003). Produkcja stali na świecie i w Polsce w warunkach wzrastającej internacjonalizacji i globalizacji. W: J. Słodczyk, M. Śmigalska (eds.), Geograficzne aspekty globalizacji i integracji europejskiej. Opole: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, 477–482.

Matykowski, R., Tobolska, A. (2005). Renesans stali. Aspekty ekonomiczne i geograficzne. Geografia w Szkole, 3, 133–141.

Matykowski, R., Tobolska, A. (2006). Działalność przemysłowa w warunkach wzrastającej internacjonalizacji i globalizacji na przykładzie wybranych produktów. Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego [Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society], 8, 47–59.

Neumair, S.M., Schlesinger, D.M., Haas, H.-D. (2012). Internationale Wirtschaft. Unternehmen und Weltwirtschaftsraum im Globalisierungsprozess. München: Oldenbourg Verlag.

Noviello, M. (2018). Rola hutnictwa w rozwoju regionalnym Kampanii (Włochy) w XX wieku. Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego [Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society], 32(3), 186–200.

Ozga-Blaschke, U. (2016). Rynki surowców metalurgicznych. Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 95, 7–22.

Rymarczyk, J. (2012). Strategie konkurencji przedsiębiorstwa międzynarodowego. Prace i Materiały Instytutu Handlu Zagranicznego Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego [Working Papers Institute of International Business University of Gdańsk], 31, 573–584.

Sourisseau, S. (2018). The global iron and steel industry: from a bilateral oligopoly to a thwarted monopsony. Australian Economic Review, 51(2), 232–243. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-8462.12264

Steel Statistical Yearbook. (2000, 2020). Pozyskano z https://www.worldsteel.org/steel-by-topic/statistics/steel-statistical-yearbook.html

Tobolska, A. (2004). Procesy koncentracji gospodarczej dużych przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych Poznania. Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego [Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society], 7, 33–44.

Tobolska, A. (2017). Strategie przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych oraz ich oddziaływania w przestrzeni lokalnej i regionalnej (na przykładzie wybranych koncernów przemysłowych w zachodniej Polsce). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, 116–122.

Wiedermann, K. (2002). Restrukturyzacja i modernizacja hutnictwa żelaza Górnośląskiego Okręgu Przemysłowego po 1989 roku. Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego [Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society], 4, 115–128.

Wilczyński, P. (2020). Przemysł hutniczy lat 1990–2020 w Europie. Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego [Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society], 34(4), 171–183.

World Steel Association (Accessed on 16.04.2021): – http://www.worldsteel.org/about-us/who-we-are/COVID-19-response-steel-industry.htmlhttps://www.worldsteel.org/media-centre/press-releases/2021/Global-crude-steel-outputdecreases-by-0.9--in-2020.htmlhttps://www.worldsteel.org/en/dam/jcr:e723da20-7c4a-4680-8d2e-501c108d7590/Top%252040%2520steel%2520producing%2520countries.pdfhttp://www.steel.org/about-aisi/statistics/market-applications-in-steel.aspx

Downloads

Published

2021-12-30

How to Cite

Matykowski, R., & Tobolska, A. (2021). Global steel production in the first two decades of the 21st century: a period of economic fluctuations and attempts to control globalisation processes . Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society, 35(4), 64–82. https://doi.org/10.24917/20801653.354.4

Most read articles by the same author(s)